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Quantitative Analysis of the Flavonoid Mesquitol in the Medicinal Plant Prosopis juliflora with Seasonal Variations in Marigat, Baringo County-Kenya

Received: 7 November 2017     Accepted: 20 November 2017     Published: 2 January 2018
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Abstract

Several studies indicate that mesquitol exhibits significant free-radical scavenging properties, antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties. This makes it a useful resource with potential for exploitation in both agro-food and pharmaceutical industries. The heartwood of the plant P. juliflora is noted to contain very high levels of the flavan-3-ol compound mesquitol. Previous studies showed that in non-tropical countries like the United States of America where they experience four seasons in a year, mesquitol shows varying seasonal abundance with the least abundant season being the winter period. Meanwhile limited data exists on its abundance trends in tropical arid and semiarid regions that only experience the dry and wet seasons in a year. Plants samples of two distinct age groups were collected during the dry and wet seasons and extracted serially via a soxhlet apparatus after which column chromatography was used to assist in the process of mesquitol isolation. Thin layer chromatography assisted in pooling of fractions with similar Rf values. The Rf values were compared to available literature to ascertain fractions that contained mesquitol. A HPLC-UV method was developed and validated illustrating high accuracy and precision for the quantification of the mesquitol content in different P. juliflora samples. On evaluation, mesquitol was found to be more abundant during the wet seasons reaching 642.893 μg/ml as compared to 181.245 μg/ml for dry seasons. This abundance could be attributed to chemo-seasonal dynamics that have been witnessed to affect biosynthesis and deposition of phyto-compounds in plants. The developed and validated HPLC method, illustrated satisfactory quantification of mesquitol at 3-6% of the crude extract. This paper presents useful information on seasonal abundance dynamics of mesquitol in the tropics as a basis for the resource valorization.

Published in Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 5, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16
Page(s) 107-112
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Seasonal Dynamics, Mesquitol Abundancies, Mesquitol Quantification

References
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[5] Azam, M. M., Tewari J. C., Singh Y., Roy M. M. (2011). Prosopis juliflora A rich Source of Antioxidant Product. Central Arid Zone Research.
[6] Nieva-Echevarrıa B, Manzanos MJ, Goicoechea E, Guillen MD. 2015. 2, 6-Ditert-butyl-hydroxytoluene and its metabolites in foods. Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safety. 14:67–80.
[7] Suresh, G., Tiwari, A. K., Radha, K. M, Kumar, D. A., Prasad, R. K., Ali, A. Z., Rao, R. R., (2012). New advanced glycation end-product inhibitors from Dichrostachys cinerea. Journal of Natural Medicines, 66:213-216 ISSN 1340-3443.
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[9] Gouvea, D. R., Neto. L. G., Sakamoto, H. T., Lopes, P. N., Lopes, C. L. (2012) Seasonal variation of the major secondary metabolites present in the extract of eremanthus mattogrossensis less (asteraceae: vernonieae) leaves. Quim. Nova, Vol. 35, No. 11, 2139-2145.
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[13] Pendergrass, J. S., (1984). Non-carbohydrate organic compounds in mesquite heartwood. Master of Science Thesis, Texas Tech University.
[14] ICH Harmonised Tripartite Guideline: Stability testing of New drug substances and products available 2003 Q1A (R2). Available: http://www.ich.org/fileadmin/Public_Web_Site/ICH_Products/Guidelines/Quality/Q1A_R2/Step4 /Q1A_R2__ Guideline.pdf (Accessed September 2011).
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    Mark Peter Odero, Were Lincoln Munyendo, Ambrose Kipchumba Kiprop. (2018). Quantitative Analysis of the Flavonoid Mesquitol in the Medicinal Plant Prosopis juliflora with Seasonal Variations in Marigat, Baringo County-Kenya. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 5(6), 107-112. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16

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    ACS Style

    Mark Peter Odero; Were Lincoln Munyendo; Ambrose Kipchumba Kiprop. Quantitative Analysis of the Flavonoid Mesquitol in the Medicinal Plant Prosopis juliflora with Seasonal Variations in Marigat, Baringo County-Kenya. Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2018, 5(6), 107-112. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16

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    AMA Style

    Mark Peter Odero, Were Lincoln Munyendo, Ambrose Kipchumba Kiprop. Quantitative Analysis of the Flavonoid Mesquitol in the Medicinal Plant Prosopis juliflora with Seasonal Variations in Marigat, Baringo County-Kenya. Sci J Anal Chem. 2018;5(6):107-112. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16,
      author = {Mark Peter Odero and Were Lincoln Munyendo and Ambrose Kipchumba Kiprop},
      title = {Quantitative Analysis of the Flavonoid Mesquitol in the Medicinal Plant Prosopis juliflora with Seasonal Variations in Marigat, Baringo County-Kenya},
      journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
      volume = {5},
      number = {6},
      pages = {107-112},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20170506.16},
      abstract = {Several studies indicate that mesquitol exhibits significant free-radical scavenging properties, antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties. This makes it a useful resource with potential for exploitation in both agro-food and pharmaceutical industries. The heartwood of the plant P. juliflora is noted to contain very high levels of the flavan-3-ol compound mesquitol. Previous studies showed that in non-tropical countries like the United States of America where they experience four seasons in a year, mesquitol shows varying seasonal abundance with the least abundant season being the winter period. Meanwhile limited data exists on its abundance trends in tropical arid and semiarid regions that only experience the dry and wet seasons in a year. Plants samples of two distinct age groups were collected during the dry and wet seasons and extracted serially via a soxhlet apparatus after which column chromatography was used to assist in the process of mesquitol isolation. Thin layer chromatography assisted in pooling of fractions with similar Rf values. The Rf values were compared to available literature to ascertain fractions that contained mesquitol. A HPLC-UV method was developed and validated illustrating high accuracy and precision for the quantification of the mesquitol content in different P. juliflora samples. On evaluation, mesquitol was found to be more abundant during the wet seasons reaching 642.893 μg/ml as compared to 181.245 μg/ml for dry seasons. This abundance could be attributed to chemo-seasonal dynamics that have been witnessed to affect biosynthesis and deposition of phyto-compounds in plants. The developed and validated HPLC method, illustrated satisfactory quantification of mesquitol at 3-6% of the crude extract. This paper presents useful information on seasonal abundance dynamics of mesquitol in the tropics as a basis for the resource valorization.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Quantitative Analysis of the Flavonoid Mesquitol in the Medicinal Plant Prosopis juliflora with Seasonal Variations in Marigat, Baringo County-Kenya
    AU  - Mark Peter Odero
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16
    T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20170506.16
    AB  - Several studies indicate that mesquitol exhibits significant free-radical scavenging properties, antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties. This makes it a useful resource with potential for exploitation in both agro-food and pharmaceutical industries. The heartwood of the plant P. juliflora is noted to contain very high levels of the flavan-3-ol compound mesquitol. Previous studies showed that in non-tropical countries like the United States of America where they experience four seasons in a year, mesquitol shows varying seasonal abundance with the least abundant season being the winter period. Meanwhile limited data exists on its abundance trends in tropical arid and semiarid regions that only experience the dry and wet seasons in a year. Plants samples of two distinct age groups were collected during the dry and wet seasons and extracted serially via a soxhlet apparatus after which column chromatography was used to assist in the process of mesquitol isolation. Thin layer chromatography assisted in pooling of fractions with similar Rf values. The Rf values were compared to available literature to ascertain fractions that contained mesquitol. A HPLC-UV method was developed and validated illustrating high accuracy and precision for the quantification of the mesquitol content in different P. juliflora samples. On evaluation, mesquitol was found to be more abundant during the wet seasons reaching 642.893 μg/ml as compared to 181.245 μg/ml for dry seasons. This abundance could be attributed to chemo-seasonal dynamics that have been witnessed to affect biosynthesis and deposition of phyto-compounds in plants. The developed and validated HPLC method, illustrated satisfactory quantification of mesquitol at 3-6% of the crude extract. This paper presents useful information on seasonal abundance dynamics of mesquitol in the tropics as a basis for the resource valorization.
    VL  - 5
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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya

  • School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, United States International University - Africa, Nairobi, Kenya

  • Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya

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